BIPLANES
(List of Historic Biplane Aircraft)
Biplanes - trainers, fighters, bombers, and scouts, history, accomplishments, pictures, sounds, specifications and a scale rc airplane guide.
Technology has accounted for giant leaps in aviation design, yet the basics of aircraft design remain virtually the same since the first biplanes took to the sky.
The first biplanes to be used during combat were called "scouts". Biplanes were primarily used for the observation of enemy forces over the horizon where the forces could not be seen by ground troops.
In 1914 the Royal Flying Corps manual declared that biplanes reconnaissance aircraft were so valuable that "each side will strive to prevent the other side making use of it." That is what gave birth to fighter biplanes.
The biplanes of World War I played a crucial role in shaping future combat. Air superiority has been responsible for the winning of battles, and eventually wars.
During World War I, biplanes ruled the skies. Arming them was not an easy task. A bullet fired from one of their own weapons could severely damage a wooden propeller or wing strut. Initially pilots of biplanes and observers were armed with pistols and sometimes rifles. When the machine gun was mounted on early biplanes, it was not immediately successful. Low powered biplanes performance was severely taxed with the additional weight. As more powerful engines and sturdier biplanes entered service, the machine gun became the weapon of choice. By 1915, biplanes armed with one or two machine guns were used to attack enemy ground positions.
Eventually it was realized that the drag produced by two wings and their bracing greatly affected biplanes speed. By the end of World War I, engines became lighter and more powerful, and aircraft designers started favoring the monoplane. However, biplanes remained in service into World War II, and many continue flying today as trainers and recreation aircraft.
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Biplanes A
Versatile Czech biplanes deployed between the wars, used for attack and observation: Aero A.11
U.S. trainer biplanes built to easily switch from the use of wheels to pontoons. It made the first underway U.S. aircraft carrier landing on Oct. 26, 1922: Aeromarine 39B
U.S. Navy biplanes seaplanes used primarily after the First World War as trainers: Aeromarine Model 40F
Unusual configuration German biplanes used for observation during WW1: AGO C
German first War biplanes used for observation, which had dangerous handling issues: AGO C 4
Only Italian built fighter biplanes of World War I: Ansaldo A.1
Biplanes made in numerous variants during WW I: Albatros
Biggest one engine biplanes in the world today: Antonov An-2 Colt
First German production fighter biplanes produced after WW1: Arado Ar 64
In-line engine biplanes successor to the Ar 64: Arado Ar 65
Used to train Luftwaffe pilots from 1933 through 1944. No other German aircraft trained as many pilots. Beginning in 1943, some 2,000 were converted to night fighters. They carried out night missions into Finland, Latvia, and the Soviet Union, flying anti-personnel attack missions. Over 10,000 of all types were produced: Arado Ar 66
Among the top fighter biplanes ever to fly: Avia B.534
Biplanes B to C
Main RAF fighter biplanes between the wars: Bristol Bulldog
Smallest biplane: Starr Bumblebee II
Historians generally agree that they were the top overall biplanes of World War One: Martinsyde Buzzard
Observation biplanes produced by Germany during WW1: AEG C-IV
WW I biplanes that downed more enemy planes than any other aircraft: Sopwith Camel
U.S. Navy biplanes used for reconnaissance between the wars: Vought Corsair Biplanes
The final fighter biplanes ever made: Fiat CR.42
Biplanes D
Austrian-Hungarian stagger wing biplanes used as a primary fighter through mid 1917: Hansen-Brandenburg D1
German biplanes originally deployed over Bavaria: Pfalz D.III
British primary trainer for thousands of pilots, first flown in 1931, some 250 still flying today: de Havilland Tiger Moth
One of the top single engine bomber biplanes of World War One: de Havilland DH-4
Airliner biplanes that first flew in 1934. Some still fly today: De Havilland DH-89 Dragon Rapide
U.S. amphibian biplanes first deployed in 1934 that flew for the military throughout WW II: Grumman Duck
Biplanes F
First biplanes of the new RAF in 1918: Bristol F2B
First Grumman built U.S. Navy fighter biplanes: F3F
Final U.S. fighter biplanes made from wood: Boeing F4B
U.S.M.C. fighter bomber biplanes deployed between the wars: Curtiss F8C Helldiver
First successful French biplanes designed by Gabriel Voisin to complete a circle piloted by Henri Farman: Farman 1
First ever fighter biplanes: Vickers F.B. 5 Gunbus
The top German fighter biplanes of World War I: Fokker D.VII
Biplanes G to P
Germany's main twin engine bomber biplanes of WW I: Gotha Bomber
Biplanes with two engines, used as a bomber by Germany during World War I: AEG G-IV
Fastest British biplanes when introduced: Gloster Gauntlet
Final RAF fighter biplanes: Gloster Gladiator
Main German fighter biplanes between the wars: Heinkel He-51
One of the world's best fighter bomber biplanes that saw action in WW II: Henschel Hs-123
Soviet ground attack biplanes used into WW II: Polikarpov I-15 Chaika
Between the war biplanes fighter aircraft which set speed records: Curtiss P-6 Hawk
Biplanes N to R
First dedicated Allied WW I fighter sesquiplane biplanes: Nieuport 11
One of the favorite flying aces biplanes of World War One: Nieuport 17
World War I biplanes flown by the American Expeditionary Force: Nieuport 28
High performance biplanes often seen at airshows today: Pitts Special
Primary biplanes of the Royal Navy in 1916: Sopwith Pup
German biplanes used as bombers with four engines driving one propeller: Linke-Hoffman R.II
Biplanes S
Russia's four engine biplanes used as WW1 strategic bombers: Sikorsky S-21 Ilya Muromits
Last U.S. Navy dive bomber biplanes: Curtiss SBC Helldiver
German biplanes copy of a French design deployed at the end of World War One: Siemens Schukert
Early WW1 biplanes used for observation and as a fighter: Scout
The top English fighter biplanes of World War I: Royal Aircraft Factory SE5A
First RAF all-metal fighter biplanes used between the wars: Armstrong Whitworth Siskin
RAF biplanes that were deployed just prior to the end of World War One: Sopwith Snipe
The top French fighter biplanes of World War I: SPAD XIII
Set a number of single engine biplanes speed records: Beech Staggerwing
U.S. trainer biplanes used before and during WW II: Boeing Stearman
First English biplanes with a machine gun firing through the propeller arc: Sopwith 1 1/2 Strutter
Modern biplanes recreational amphibians, sold as kits or ultralites: Super Petrel
RAF torpedo bomber biplanes that was used throughout World War II: Fairey Swordfish
Biplanes V to W
RAF twin engine bomber biplanes deployed between the wars: Vickers Vimy
General aviation biplanes produced from 1919 to 1947: Waco biplanes
First powered biplanes to fly under pilot control: Wright Flyer
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